Have caught a few fish now on fly - fishing large deer hair frogs (slowly), coming off the weed edges, so I don't see why not. I doubt you'd get many out in the open, but certainly early morning and dusk cast at weed edges
(you need to be very accurate) and slowly twitched out 2-3m then repeat - you have to "think like a fish to catch fish", and frogs and mice are the only targets I would seek to imitate. However there are far more reliable methods for catching trout. i.e. Rapala's.
In a river, there are some floating Cicada (and mouse) imitations that that can be (retrieved) across the surface on spin gear, presuming you are spinning? Martin Simpson's 16lber from 4-5 weeks ago was taken on a floating mouse imitation retrieved across the surface on spin gear... hand-carved from balsawood, so why not!! Not fished like traditional poppers, but more slowly for trout like bloopers.